那么还有一种情形,就是主要子句里的插入句。新闻记者经常在主词后面加上一些讯息,进一步说明与这个主词相关的事项。结构如下:
S+插入句+V
S+插入句+V+SC
S+插入句+V+O
S+插入句+V+O+OC
S+插入句+V+DO+IO
插入句可以是些什么呢?它可以是个名词,作为主词的同位语。既然可以放名词,当然也可以放名词子句、以及不定词(to+V)。例如:
Jiang Zemin, the former Chinese State President, has been accused of genocide in many countries.
前中国国家主席江泽民在许多国家都被控种族灭绝罪。
〈the former Chinese State President就是Jiang Zemin的同位语。〉
The rumor that John is a murderer has been proved to be groundless.
约翰是谋杀凶手的谣传已经被证明是毫无根据的。
〈That John is a murderer这个that所引导的名词子句,就是作为the rumor 的同位语,进一步说明the rumor的实际内容。〉
插入句的位置能不能放形容词呢?通常形容词都会摆在主词的前面,如果放在主词后面的话,就会使用形容词子句或分词词组,分词词组其实就是形容词子句省略了关系代名词+be动词而形成的,都属于可以作名词后位修饰的形容词。
The talks, which should be hosted by China, have been stalled for nearly a year.
这些应该由中国主办的会谈,已经搁置了近一年。
〈which should be hosted by China就是形容词子句置于主词the talks之后的插入句。〉
那么也可以去掉关系代名词与be动词,而成为分词词组作为插入句。例如:
The talks, hosted by China, have been stalled for nearly a year.
〈hosted by China就是一组分词词组当主词之后的插入句。〉
那么副词能放在插入句的位置吗?副词有副词子句、介系词词组及一般副词,副词子句通常是放在句子的最前面,要不然就是放在最后面,主词后面要插进副词,多半是介系词词组或时间副词、地点副词。举例:
A diplomat, from the Chinese Consulate in Sydney, told a June 4th Commemoration rally for the Tiananmen Square Massacre that he had sought political asylum in Australia.
一位在中国驻悉尼领事馆的外交官,在纪念六四天安门大屠杀的纪念会上说,他已经在澳洲寻求政治庇护。
〈from the Chinese Consulate in Sydney就是二组介系词词组,置于主词A diplomat之后的插入句,说明主词来自中国领事馆,这个中国领事馆则是在悉尼。〉
China, with a total population of 1.3 billion people, has set its poverty line at an annual average income of 668 yuan ($US81).
有13亿人口的中国,将贫穷的标准设在每年平均收入668人民币(81美元)。
〈With a total population of 1.3 billion就是一个介系词词组,置于主词之后的插入句,说明主词的状态是拥有13亿人口。〉@、
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